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1800s Early The Metropolitan Police In Jane Austen and Bridgerton Years, London. #JaneAusten #Bridgerton #BritishHistory #RegencyEra #police #London

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The Metropolitan Police, London Before 1829

  • Policing in the 17th and 18th centuries – one unarmed able-bodied citizen in each parish a man was appointed or elected annually to serve for a year unpaid as parish constable. 
  • Worked in co-operation with the local Justices in observing laws and maintaining order. 
  • In towns, responsibility for the maintenance of order was conferred on the guilds 
  • Later conferred on other specified groups of citizens
  • These supplied bodies of paid men, known as The Watch
  • The Watch guarded the gates and patrolled the streets at night
  • Huge social and economic changes and increases in town populations meant parish constables and Watch systems couldn’t cope. 
  • In 1812, 1818 and 1822, Parliamentary committees investigated crime and policing. 
  • Impotence of the law-enforcement machinery was a serious menace
  • Conditions became intolerable and led to the formation of the New Police
  • The Metropolitan Police
  • Established by an Act of Parliament in 1829 by Sir Robert Peel
  • Peel appointed 2 Commissioners
  • Appointed 895 Constables, 88 Sergeants, 20 Inspectors and 8 Superintendents. 
  • Superseded the local Watch in the London area but the City of London was not covered. 
  • Numbers increased
  • Grew to include the Greater London area (excluding the City of London) 
  • Included parts of the Home Counties and all Royal Naval Dock Yards throughout the country. 
  • First officer was given the warrant number ‘1’ 
  • Today the service is reaching near to a quarter million
  • The warrant number is unique to the officer
  • Different from the shoulder number which changes as the officer moves stations.  Scotland Yard
  • Colonel Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne organized and designed the New Police
  • The two Commissioners occupied a private house at 4, Whitehall Place
  • The back opened on to a courtyard and used as a police station
  • This address led to the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police being known as Scotland Yard.
  • Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, (5 February 1788 – 2 July 1850) British Conservative statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Home Secretary. Regarded as the father of modern British policing as he founded the Metropolitan Police Service. 

Other Police organizations

  • Some older police establishments remained outside control of the Metropolitan Police Office  
  • The Bow Street Patrols, mounted and foot, commonly called the Bow Street runners.
  • Police Office constables attached to the offices of, and under the control of, the Magistrates.
  • The Marine or River Police.
  • By 1839 all these establishments had been absorbed by the Metropolitan Police Force. 
  • The City of London Police was set up in 1839 and is an independent force to this day.
Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, (5 February 1788 ? 2 July 1850) Portrait by Henry William Pickersgill. British Conservative statesman, twice Prime Minister of U.K., Chancellor of Exchequer, and Home Secretary. 1829 Founded the Metropolitan Police Service. Via Wikimedia Commons commons.wikimedia.org
1800s Early The Metropolitan Police In Jane Austen and Bridgerton Years, London. #JaneAusten #Bridgerton #BritishHistory #RegencyEra #police #London books2read.com/suziloveROver
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Rates of Postage of single Letters in Pence In Great Britain in Jane Austen’s times. #JaneAusten #RegencyEra #Postal #BritishHistory

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Rates of Postage of single Letters in Pence In Great Britain in Jane Austen’s times.

  • From any post-office in England or Wales, to any place not exceeding 15 miles from such office – 3
  • For any distance above 15, and not exceeding 30 miles — 4
  • For any distance above 30, and not exceeding 50 miles — 5
  • For any distance above 50, and not exceeding 80 miles – 6
  • For any distance above 80, and not exceeding 12O miles — 7
  • For any distance above 120, and not exceeding 170 miles – 8
  • For any distance above 170, and not exceeding 230 miles — 9
  • For my distance above 230, and not exceeding 300 miles – 10
  • For any distance above 300, and not exceeding 400 miles – 11
  • For any distance above 400, and nut exceeding 500 mites – 12
  • 1802 Picture of London Printed for R. Phillips via Google Books (PD-180)

The Twopenny Post- Office.

  • There are two principal offices, one in the General Post—office yard, Lombard—street  and the other in Gerrard-street, Soho. There are also numerous receiving houses in both the town and country.
  • There are SI X collections and deliveries of letters in town daily, (Sundays excepted) and there are two dispatches from, and three deliveries at, most places in the country, within the limits of this office.
  • 1802 Picture of London Printed for R. Phillips via Google Books (PD-180)

1802 Rates Of Postage Of Single Letters In Pence. From: 1802 Picture of London Printed for R. Phillips via Google Books (PD-180)) © SuziLove.com
1802 Rates Of Postage Of Single Letters In Pence. From: 1802 Picture of London Printed for R. Phillips via Google Books (PD-180))
Rates of Postage of single Letters in Pence In Great Britain in Jane Austen’s times. #JaneAusten #RegencyEra #Postal #BritishHistory https://books2read.com/suziloveROver
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1809 ca. High-Waisted, Hand-Embroidered Dress Typical of Jane Austen Fashion, English. #JaneAusten #RegencyFashion #HistoricalFashion

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1809 ca. Empire Style, Or High-Waisted, Dress, English. Typical of the fsashions worn by Jane Austen and her family. Hand-embroidered white cotton muslin, cotton bobbin lace,shell buttons and linen tape. via National Gallery of Victoria, Australia. ngv.vic.gov

1809 ca. Empire Style, Or High-Waisted, Dress, English. Hand-embroidered white cotton muslin, cotton bobbin lace, shell buttons and linen tape. via Suzi Love ~ suzilove..com National Gallery of Victoria, Australia. ngv.vic.gov.au
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1821 December High-Waisted Green Promenade Dress, Or Pelisse, English. #Regency #Fashion #Pelisse

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1821 December Green Promenade Dress, English. High waisted coat over white dress with ruffled collar, vertical front bows, short puffed sleeves over long straight sleeves, matching ruffled bonnet and yellow gloves. Fashion Plate via Rudolph Ackermann’s ‘The Repository of Arts’, London, U.K.

1821 December Green Promenade Dress, English. High waisted coat over white dress with ruffled collar, vertical front bows, short puffed sleeves over long straight sleeves, matching ruffled bonnet and yellow gloves. Fashion Plate via Rudolph Ackermann's 'The Repository of Arts', London, U.K.https://www.suzilove.com/wp-admin/books2read.com/suzilovePelisse
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1800s Early Typical Outfit Of A Gentleman Riding His Horse In The Time Of Jane Austen. #HistoricalFashion #RegencyFashion #JaneAusten

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1800s Early Typical Regency Gentleman Riding His Horse. Fashions In The Time Of Jane Austen.

From the finish of the 18th century until 1820, men’s fashions in European and European-influenced countries moved away from the formal wear of brocades, lace, wigs and powder to more informal and relaxed styles. Focus was on undress rather than formal dress.  Typical menswear in the early 1800s included a tailcoat, a vest or waistcoat, either breeches, pants, or the newer trousers, stockings, shoes or boots, all worn with an overcoat and hat. This basic ensemble was accessorized with some form of neckcloth or cravat, gloves, walking stick, cane or riding crop, handkerchief, fobs, watch and perhaps a quizzing glass or eye glass. 

1800s Early A Gentleman Riding His Horse.
1800s Early A Gentleman Riding His Horse.

In 1806, the Journal des Dames et des Modes stated, ‘The informal outfit for a young man includes a coat of similar style, snug pantaloons which are probably knitted, and a striped waistcoat.’ 

Skirted coats were replaced with short-fronted, or cutaway, tailcoats worn over fitted waistcoats and plain, white linen shirts. Knee breeches were gradually replaced by tight-fitting pantaloons and later trousers, decorative shoes with buckles were replaced with a variety of boot styles, and fussy and ruffled neckwear gave way to intricately tied, white linen neck cloths. A Regency Era, or early 1800s, gentleman was outfitted in more practical fabrics, such as wool, cotton and buckskin rather than the fussy brocades and silks of the late 1700s. 

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1600 Pair of Backless Chopines, or Shoes, made of Pine-wood and Leather, British. #Shoes #FashionHistory #BritishHistory

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1600 Pair of Backless Chopines. Pine-wood covered with punched kid leather. via Victoria and Albert Museum, London, UK. collections.vam.ac.uk.

Definition Chopine: Women’s platform shoes worn in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries. Used as a patten, clog, or evershoe to protect shoes and dresses from mud and street soil. Worn in Venice by courtesans and patrician women from 1400-1700.

These chopines are made of pine-wood. The wood is covered in kid leather with punched decoration and figured silk underlay. This pair are fairly modest. More extreme versions were over 50 cms high. Chopines were based on the shoes worn at Turkish baths. They were first worn by Venetian prostitutes and fashionable Venetian aristocrats then adopted them. The chopine was originally a form of overshoe, which is why it has no back. Later versions could be worn as either overshoes or on their own.

1600 Pair of Backless Chopines. Pine-wood covered with punched kid leather. via Victoria and Albert Museum, London, UK. collections.vam.ac.uk.
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1819 Bridgerton or Jane Austen Style Pink Merino Wool Redingote, Or Coat, With Military Styling. #Bridgerton #JaneAusten #RegencyFashion #FashionPlate #French

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1819 Pink Merino Wool Redingote, French. Merino wool coat over a white dress with a high lace collar, military style buttons decoration and shoulder pads, matched with a black velour, or velvet, hat with a high front brim and lined with white satin. Military style shoulder pads and front buttons. It was fashionable at the time to wear military inspired clothing to show support of all the fighting men involved in the Napoleonic and other wars. The type of outfit young Regency Era ladies would have worn if they were out shopping on Bond Street, walking in a park, or taking a carriage ride through Hyde Park. Fashion Plate via Journal des Dames et des Modes, or Costume Parisien. Fashion Plate via Journal des Dames et des Modes, or Costume Parisien.

Definition Redingote Or Pelisse Or Walking Dress Or Coat: French word developed from English words, riding coat. Long fitted outdoor coat worn over other garments, especially light-weight muslin dresses, for warmth. Often left open at the front to show off the dress underneath. Sometimes cut away in front. Originally made with several capes and trimmed with large buttons. French fashion plates call these coats Redingotes and they are designed for women, men and children. English fashion plates call them a Pelisse, a walking dress, Promenade dress, or Carriage dress.

1819 Pink Merino Wool Redingote, French. Merino wool coat over a white dress with a high lace collar, military style buttons decoration and shoulder pads, matched with a black velour, or velvet, hat with a high front brim and lined with white satin. The type of outfit young Regency Era ladies would have worn if they were out shopping on Bond Street, walking in a park, or taking a carriage ride through Hyde Park. Fashion Plate via Journal des Dames et des Modes, or Costume Parisien. Fashion Plate via Journal des Dames et des Modes, or Costume Parisien.
1819 January Red Redingote, French. Also called a Pelisse or Walking Dress in England. Merino wool coat over a white dress with a high lace collar, matched with a black velour, or velvet, hat lined with white satin. Fashion Plate via suzilove.com and Journal des Dames et des Modes, or Costume Parisien.

1819 Bridgerton or Jane Austen Style Pink Merino Wool Redingote, Or Coat, With Military Styling. #Bridgerton #JaneAusten #RegencyFashion #FashionPlate #French https://books2read.com/SuziLoveFashionWomen1815-1819

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Want to know about music in the households of Jane Austen and the Bridgertons? Music history from the 17th, 18th, and 19th Centuries. #Music #Bridgerton #RegencyEra #JaneAusten #GeorgianEra

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Music history from the 17th, 18th, and 19th Centuries. Pianos, pianofortes, harps, viols, violins played during Jane Austen’s times. Musical Instruments were so important in most of the more affluent households in history that large industries grew all around the world to manufacture instruments, musical accessories, and to print sheet music. Musical instruction and encouragement could be found everywhere and both young ladies and gentlemen were encouraged to have musical appreciation. And of course, playing music was on the list of social requirements for all young ladies desirous of becoming a wife and homemaker.

London became Europe’s leading centre for the manufacture of scientific instruments and this led to the manufacture of more musical instruments as well as factories developed and rail transport helped the faster distribution of goods to regional areas. One of the first places that music was used to tell stories and to share enjoyment was in Christmas music. Because music was such an integral part of households, music was always a feature in Magazines. There were advertisements everywhere for musical instruments for sale, for sheet music, and for music lessons.  And of course, of most interest to the ladies were the hundreds of fashion plates included in magazines where people were depicted with their musical instruments.

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1808 ca. Jane Austen style High-Waisted Muslin Dress With Bib Front, British. #JaneAusten #Regencyfashion #historicalFashion

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1808 ca. Jane Austen style high-waisted muslin dress with bib front, British. High stomacher front, i.e. a bib front fastened with pins, and embroidered with clusters of flowers and leaves. Embroidery satin stitch, chain stitch and French knots. Dress of muslin, embroidered in wool with a design of flowers and leaves down the sleeves and across the front of the dress. The bodice back and side fronts are lined with linen and there are linen undersleeves. The front of the bodice is made up of a panel of bias-cut muslin, which is sewn onto the skirt rather like the bib of an apron so that it can be placed in position at the neck with pins. When the pins are removed the bib front falls away to reveal linen underflaps which fasten across the bust to give support. This type of bodice construction was common during this period in this style of dress and is known as the high stomacher front.

Embroidered with clusters of flowers and leaves and embroidery is worked in satin stitch, chain stitch and French knots, the design trails down across the front of the dress and around the scalloped hemline to simulate a draped tunic-style garment slit up the side seam. Front bodice has panel of bias-cut muslin sewn onto skirt like the bib of an apron so that it can be placed in position at the neck with pins. When the pins are removed the bib front falls away to reveal linen underflaps which fasten across the bust to give support. Bib front bodice construction was common in the Regency Era, or Jane Austen’s years, in this style of dress and is known as the high stomacher front. via Victoria and Albert Museum, London, U.K.

1808 ca. High-Waisted Muslin Dress, British. High stomacher, or bib front, fastened with pins, and embroidered with wool in clusters of flowers and leaves. Embroidery satin stitch, chain stitch and French knots, and design goes down across the front and around a scalloped hemline to simulate a draped tunic-style garment slit up the side seam. https://books2read.com/SuziLoveFashionWomen1805-1809
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